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<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/><meta name="description" content="ArtInChip 平台上，U-Boot 与 Kernel 共用一份 DTS 配置，目前 DTB 的编译放在 U-Boot 阶段进行。项目相关的 DTS 文件存放路径： target/ IC /common/*.dtsi target/ IC / Board /board.dts target/ IC / Board /board-u-boot.dtsi target/ IC / Board ..."/><meta name="DC.rights.owner" content="(C) 版权 2025"/><meta name="copyright" content="(C) 版权 2025"/><meta name="generator" content="DITA-OT"/><meta name="DC.type" content="concept"/><meta name="DC.relation" content="../../../topics/sdk/boot/uboot-module.html"/><meta name="DC.relation" content="../../../topics/sdk/boot/save-env-variable-on-memory-medium.html"/><meta name="DC.relation" content="../../../topics/sdk/boot/spl-program-stage.html"/><meta name="DC.contributor" content="yan.wang"/><meta name="DC.contributor" content="yan.wang"/><meta name="DC.date.modified" content="2024-01-15"/><meta name="DC.format" content="HTML5"/><meta name="DC.identifier" content="dts"/><meta name="DC.language" content="zh-CN"/><title>DTS</title><!-- Generated with build number 2024112209. --><meta name="wh-path2root" content="../../../"/><meta name="wh-toc-id" content="dts-d4445e2271"/><meta name="wh-source-relpath" content="topics/sdk/boot/uboot-dts.dita"/><meta name="wh-out-relpath" content="topics/sdk/boot/uboot-dts.html"/>
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data-tocid="concept_lbx_3n3_pzb-d4445e2229" class="topicref" data-id="concept_lbx_3n3_pzb" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action concept_lbx_3n3_pzb-d4445e2229-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/boot/environment-variables.html" id="concept_lbx_3n3_pzb-d4445e2229-link">环境变量</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" class="active"><div data-tocid="dts-d4445e2271" class="topicref" data-id="dts" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/boot/uboot-dts.html" id="dts-d4445e2271-link">DTS</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="spl-d4445e2285" class="topicref" data-id="spl" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action spl-d4445e2285-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a 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id="opensbi-d4445e3000-link">OpenSBI</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="pbp-d4445e3014" class="topicref" data-id="pbp" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/boot/pre-boot-program.html" id="pbp-d4445e3014-link">Pre-Boot Program (PBP)</a></div></div></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="concept_mtx_tk3_pzb-d4445e3028" class="topicref" data-id="concept_mtx_tk3_pzb" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action concept_mtx_tk3_pzb-d4445e3028-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/linux/chapter_linux.html" id="concept_mtx_tk3_pzb-d4445e3028-link">Linux</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="chapter-system-d4445e3198" class="topicref" data-id="chapter-system" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" 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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
|
||
<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" title="Edit this document" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/boot/uboot-dts.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">DTS</h1>
|
||
|
||
<div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
|
||
Read time: 8 minute(s)
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e33__20250123155213">ArtInChip 平台上，U-Boot 与 Kernel 共用一份 DTS 配置，目前 DTB 的编译放在 U-Boot 阶段进行。项目相关的 DTS 文件存放路径：</p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="dts__ul_f4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__ul_f4g_g1h_bzb">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e38__20250123155213"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">target/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">IC</var>/common/*.dtsi</span></li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e45__20250123155213"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">target/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">IC</var>/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">Board</var>/board.dts</span></li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e55__20250123155213"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">target/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">IC</var>/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">Board</var>/board-u-boot.dtsi</span></li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e65__20250123155213"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">target/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">IC</var>/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">Board</var>/board.dts</span></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e76__20250123155213">DTS 编译时，相关的源文件会被链接到 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">arch/riscv/dts/</span> 进行编译。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e82__20250123155213">U-Boot 的 DTS 配置可参考 U-Boot 官方文档：<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">doc/README.fdt-control</span></p>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="dts__section_h4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__section_h4g_g1h_bzb"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">两个 DTB</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e92__20250123155213">U-Boot 编译期间，DTS 被编译产生两个 dtb 文件：</p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="dts__ul_i4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__ul_i4g_g1h_bzb">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e97__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e99__20250123155213">u-boot-spl.dtb</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e103__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e105__20250123155213">u-boot.dtb</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e110__20250123155213">这两个 DTB 分别保存在三个不同位置，给 SPL, U-Boot, Kernel 三个阶段使用。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e113__20250123155213"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">SPL DTB 的保存</strong></p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e118__20250123155213">在编译阶段 u-boot-spl.dtb 会被合并到 u-boot-spl.bin 的尾部，并生成
|
||
<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">u-boot-spl-dtb.bin</span>。 SPL 程序通过链接脚本中的变量
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">__bss_end</span> 访问 DTB 数据。具体请参考 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">lib/fdtdec.c</span>
|
||
。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e130__20250123155213">开发者可以通过重新定义 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">board_fdt_blob_setup()</span> 的方式，修改加载 dtb 的方式和规则。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e136__20250123155213"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">U-Boot DTB 的保存</strong></p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e140__20250123155213">在编译阶段 u-boot.dtb 会被合并到 u-boot.bin 的尾部，并生成 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">u-boot-dtb.bin</span>。 U-Boot 程序通过链接脚本中的变量
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">_end</span> 访问 DTB 数据。具体请参考 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">lib/fdtdec.c</span> 。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e152__20250123155213">开发者可以通过重新定义 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">board_fdt_blob_setup()</span> 的方式，修改加载 dtb 的方式和规则。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e158__20250123155213"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">Kernel DTB 的保存</strong></p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e163__20250123155213">Kernel 所用的 DTB 通常保存在单独分区，或者与 Kernel 一起保存在 FIT Image 包中， U-Boot 通过读取分区或者解析 FIT Image
|
||
格式来加载 Kernel DTB 数据。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e166__20250123155213">注解</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e169__20250123155213">通常情况下 U-Boot 使用的 DTB 与 Kernel 所使用的 DTB 是相同的，做启动优化的时候， 这部分可以做一些优化，使得 DTB
|
||
数据只需从存储介质读取一次，从而加快启动速度。</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="dts__section_j4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__section_j4g_g1h_bzb"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">SPL DTS 的配置</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e179__20250123155213">由于 SPL 仅使用 U-Boot DTS 中很少部分的设备配置，为了减少内存占用，SPL DTB 在编译时会使用 fdtgrep 工具对 U-Boot DTS
|
||
进行过滤，以产生一个更小的 DTB。 过滤后的 DTB 仅包含：</p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="dts__ul_k4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__ul_k4g_g1h_bzb">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e184__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e186__20250123155213">the mandatory nodes (/alias, /chosen, /config)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e190__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e192__20250123155213">the nodes with one pre-relocation property: ‘u-boot,dm-pre-reloc’ or
|
||
‘u-boot,dm-spl’</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e197__20250123155213">在 ArtInChip 平台上，对于需要在 SPL 中使用的设备，需要配置属性 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">u-boot,dm-pre-reloc</span> ，
|
||
具体配置文件在：<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">target/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">IC</var>/<var class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/varname keyword varname">Board</var>/board-u-boot.dtsi</span></p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e211__20250123155213">参考示例：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_dvs_pjg_m1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_dvs_pjg_m1c"><code>&ccu {
|
||
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
&rst {
|
||
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
&osc24m {
|
||
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
&rc1m {
|
||
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
|
||
};</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e217__20250123155213">更多描述可参考文档：<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">doc/README.SPL</span></p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="dts__section_o4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__section_o4g_g1h_bzb"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">PLATDATA</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e228__20250123155213">SPL 使用 DTS 对平台上的设备进行配置，通常 SPL 支持 DTB 解析并不会占用太多的内存空间， 大约需要 3KB。但是对于一些 SPL
|
||
可用内存空间十分之有限的平台，节省 DTB 解析库 所占用的空间是十分之有吸引力的。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e231__20250123155213">为此，U-Boot 提供另外一种设备配置方式，即通过 C 代码手动定义 Platform data， 其包含对设备的配置，然后通过 U_BOOT_DEIVCE()
|
||
声明设备。 如 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">drivers/demo/demo-pdata.c</span>
|
||
中的示例：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_qtb_sjg_m1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_qtb_sjg_m1c"><code><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> dm_demo_pdata red_square = {
|
||
.colour = <span class="hl-string">"red"</span>,
|
||
.sides = <span class="hl-number">4.</span>
|
||
};
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> dm_demo_pdata green_triangle = {
|
||
.colour = <span class="hl-string">"green"</span>,
|
||
.sides = <span class="hl-number">3.</span>
|
||
};
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> dm_demo_pdata yellow_hexagon = {
|
||
.colour = <span class="hl-string">"yellow"</span>,
|
||
.sides = <span class="hl-number">6.</span>
|
||
};
|
||
U_BOOT_DEVICE(demo1) = {
|
||
.name = <span class="hl-string">"demo_simple_drv"</span>,
|
||
.platdata = &red_square,
|
||
};
|
||
U_BOOT_DEVICE(demo2) = {
|
||
.name = <span class="hl-string">"demo_shape_drv"</span>,
|
||
.platdata = &green_triangle,
|
||
};
|
||
U_BOOT_DEVICE(demo3) = {
|
||
.name = <span class="hl-string">"demo_simple_drv"</span>,
|
||
.platdata = &yellow_hexagon,
|
||
};</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e239__20250123155213">这种方式可以节省空间，但需要在 DTS 之外新增一种配置方式，对于配置管理带来新的麻烦。 U-Boot 还提供另外一种功能，可以在编译时将 DTS 转为 C 语言的
|
||
Platform Data 数据结构， 然后在驱动源码中可以直接引用对应的配置。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e242__20250123155213">其工作原理如下：</p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="dts__ul_q4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__ul_q4g_g1h_bzb">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e248__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e250__20250123155213">SPL 编译时，首先通过 fdtgrep 生成 SPL 使用的 DTS</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e254__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e256__20250123155213">然后使用 dtoc.py 工具，将 DTS 配置转为 C 语言数据结构，在编译目录下生成：</p>
|
||
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="dts__ul_r4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__ul_r4g_g1h_bzb">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e261__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e263__20250123155213"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">include/generated/dt-structs-gen.h</span></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e268__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e270__20250123155213"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">spl/dts/dt-platdata.c</span></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e277__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e279__20250123155213">驱动中通过包含 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">dt-structs.h</span> 来引用生成的数据结构</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d142692e286__20250123155213">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e288__20250123155213">数据结构的名字根据 DTS 中的命名，按照一定规则生成，驱动引用时需要注意</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e293__20250123155213">使用该功能需要使能 CONFIG_SPL_OF_PLATDATA。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e296__20250123155213">示例可参考：<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">drivers/serial/serial_artinchip.c</span><pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_dhq_vjg_m1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_dhq_vjg_m1c"><code>#include <dt-structs.h>
|
||
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> aic_serial_plat {
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> dtd_artinchip_aic_uart dtplat; <em class="hl-comment">// 数据类型编译时根据 DTS 配置生成</em>
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> ns16550_platdata plat;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> aic_serial_probe(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> udevice *dev)
|
||
{
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> aic_serial_plat *plat = dev_get_platdata(dev);
|
||
|
||
plat->plat.base = plat->dtplat.reg[<span class="hl-number">0</span>]; <em class="hl-comment">// 直接使用数据结构中的配置</em>
|
||
plat->plat.reg_shift = plat->dtplat.reg_shift;
|
||
plat->plat.clock = plat->dtplat.clock_frequency;
|
||
plat->plat.fcr = UART_FCR_DEFVAL;
|
||
dev->platdata = &plat->plat;
|
||
|
||
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> ns16550_serial_probe(dev);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
U_BOOT_DRIVER(aic_serial) = {
|
||
.name = <span class="hl-string">"artinchip_aic_uart"</span>, <em class="hl-comment">// 注意此处的名字规则</em>
|
||
.id = UCLASS_SERIAL,
|
||
.priv_auto_alloc_size = <strong class="hl-keyword">sizeof</strong>(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> NS16550),
|
||
.platdata_auto_alloc_size = <strong class="hl-keyword">sizeof</strong>(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> aic_serial_plat),
|
||
.probe = aic_serial_probe,
|
||
.ops = &ns16550_serial_ops,
|
||
.flags = DM_FLAG_PRE_RELOC,
|
||
};</code></pre></div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e303__20250123155213"><span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">spl/dts/dt-platdata.c</span>
|
||
中生成的配置信息为：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_p4p_z5l_q1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_p4p_z5l_q1c"><code><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> dtd_artinchip_aic_uart dtv_serial_at_<span class="hl-number">19210000</span> = {
|
||
.clock_frequency = <span class="hl-number">0x16e3600</span>,
|
||
.clocks = {
|
||
{&dtv_clock_at_<span class="hl-number">18020000</span>, {<span class="hl-number">53</span>}},},
|
||
.dma_names = {<span class="hl-string">"rx"</span>, <span class="hl-string">"tx"</span>},
|
||
.dmas = {<span class="hl-number">0x8</span>, <span class="hl-number">0x10</span>, <span class="hl-number">0x8</span>, <span class="hl-number">0x10</span>},
|
||
.reg = {<span class="hl-number">0x19210000</span>, <span class="hl-number">0x400</span>},
|
||
.reg_io_width = <span class="hl-number">0x4</span>,
|
||
.reg_shift = <span class="hl-number">0x2</span>,
|
||
.resets = {<span class="hl-number">0x3</span>, <span class="hl-number">0x20</span>},
|
||
};
|
||
U_BOOT_DEVICE(serial_at_<span class="hl-number">19210000</span>) = {
|
||
.name = <span class="hl-string">"artinchip_aic_uart"</span>, <em class="hl-comment">// 扫描时，通过名字进行绑定</em>
|
||
.platdata = &dtv_serial_at_<span class="hl-number">19210000</span>,
|
||
.platdata_size = <strong class="hl-keyword">sizeof</strong>(dtv_serial_at_<span class="hl-number">19210000</span>),
|
||
};</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e310__20250123155213">更详细的说明请参考官方文档：<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">doc/driver-model/of-plat.rst</span></p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="dts__section_x4g_g1h_bzb" data-ofbid="dts__section_x4g_g1h_bzb"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">扫描和绑定</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e321__20250123155213">在 SPL 和 U-Boot 初始化阶段，需要对设备驱动模型进行初始化，并且需要扫描 DTS 或者 Platform Data 的配置，实现设备和驱动的绑定。<div class="- topic/note note note note_note" id="dts__note_b1w_3rn_y1c" data-ofbid="dts__note_b1w_3rn_y1c"><span class="note__title">注：</span> <div class="note__body">在此阶段仅完成设备和驱动的匹配和绑定， 并不会 probe 激活具体的设备。设备 Probe
|
||
在设备使用时才被触发。</div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e326__20250123155213">SPL
|
||
的设备驱动初始化流程：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_cdr_bvl_q1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_cdr_bvl_q1c"><code>_start <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/start.S</em>
|
||
|-> board_init_f <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/lib/spl.c</em>
|
||
|-> spl_early_init() <em class="hl-comment">// common/spl/spl.c</em>
|
||
|-> spl_common_init(setup_malloc = true) <em class="hl-comment">// common/spl/spl.c</em>
|
||
|-> fdtdec_setup(); <em class="hl-comment">// lib/fdtdec.c 获取 dtb 的地址，并验证合法性</em>
|
||
|-> dm_init_and_scan(!CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(OF_PLATDATA));
|
||
| <em class="hl-comment">// 初始化驱动模型的根节点，扫描设备树创建 udevice,uclass</em></code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e331__20250123155213">U-Boot 的设备驱动初始化分为两个阶段： <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">initf_dm</code> & <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">initr_dm</code>
|
||
。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e340__20250123155213">前一阶段只处理标记了 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">u-boot,dm-pre-reloc</span> 的设备或者标记了
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">DM_FLAG_PRE_RELOC</span> 的驱动。
|
||
后一阶段处理所有的设备和驱动。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_ocx_bvl_q1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_ocx_bvl_q1c"><code>_start <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/start.S</em>
|
||
|-> board_init_f() <em class="hl-comment">// common/board_f.c</em>
|
||
|-> fdtdec_setup(); <em class="hl-comment">// lib/fdtdec.c</em>
|
||
| |-> gd->fdt_blob = board_fdt_blob_setup(); <em class="hl-comment">// lib/fdtdec.c</em>
|
||
| |-> fdtdec_prepare_fdt();
|
||
|
|
||
|-> initf_dm() <em class="hl-comment">// common/board_f.c</em>
|
||
| |-> dm_init_and_scan(true); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/root.c</em>
|
||
|
|
||
|-> setup_reloc() <em class="hl-comment">// common/board_f.c</em>
|
||
|-> jump_to_copy()
|
||
|-> relocate_code(gd->start_addr_sp, gd->new_gd, gd->relocaddr); <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/start.S</em>
|
||
| <em class="hl-comment">// RISCV 上的实现，relocate 之后，函数不返回，直接跳转到 board_init_r 执行</em>
|
||
|-> invalidate_icache_all()
|
||
|-> flush_dcache_all()
|
||
|-> board_init_r <em class="hl-comment">// common/board_r.c</em>
|
||
|-> initr_dm() <em class="hl-comment">// 初始化设备驱动，这次扫描所有的设备，并且绑定到匹配的驱动上</em>
|
||
|-> dm_init_and_scan(false);</code></pre></div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e352__20250123155213">具体的扫描和绑定过程：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_ff1_cvl_q1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_ff1_cvl_q1c"><code>dm_init_and_scan(!CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(OF_PLATDATA)); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/root.c</em>
|
||
|-> dm_init(); <em class="hl-comment">// driver model, initiate virtual root driver</em>
|
||
| |-> device_bind_by_name()
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/device.c</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// 加载"root_driver", gd->dm_root</em>
|
||
| | |-> lists_driver_lookup_name
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/lists.c</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// 采用 U_BOOT_DRIVER(name) 声明的 driver</em>
|
||
| | |
|
||
| | |-> device_bind_common(); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/device.c</em>
|
||
| | |-> uclass_get(&uc)
|
||
| | |-> uclass_bind_device(dev)
|
||
| | |-> drv->bind(dev)
|
||
| | |-> parent->driver->child_post_bind(dev)
|
||
| | |-> uc->uc_drv->post_bind(dev)
|
||
| |
|
||
| |-> device_probe(gd->dm_root) <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/device.c</em>
|
||
| |-> uclass_resolve_seq(dev)
|
||
|
|
||
|-> dm_scan(pre_reloc_only);
|
||
|-> dm_scan_plat(pre_reloc_only);
|
||
| | <em class="hl-comment">// 在 SPL OF_PLATDATA 的情况,扫描和绑定由 U_BOOT_DEVICE 声明的驱动。</em>
|
||
| |-> lists_bind_drivers(); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/lists.c</em>
|
||
| |-> bind_drivers_pass();
|
||
| |-> device_bind_by_name(); <em class="hl-comment">// 通过名字匹配设备和驱动</em>
|
||
|
|
||
|-> dm_extended_scan(pre_reloc_only);
|
||
| |-> dm_scan_fdt(pre_reloc_only); <em class="hl-comment">// 扫描设备树并与设备驱动建立联系</em>
|
||
| | |-> dm_scan_fdt_node(gd->dm_root, ofnode_root(), pre_reloc_only); <em class="hl-comment">//扫描设备树并绑定 root 节点下的设备</em>
|
||
| | |-> ofnode_first_subnode(parent_node) <em class="hl-comment">// 获取设备树的第一个子节点</em>
|
||
| | |-> ofnode_next_subnode(node) <em class="hl-comment">// 遍历所有的子节点</em>
|
||
| | |-> ofnode_is_enabled(node) <em class="hl-comment">// 判断设备树的子节点是否使能</em>
|
||
| | |-> lists_bind_fdt(parent, node, NULL, pre_reloc_only); <em class="hl-comment">// 绑定设备树节点，创建新的 udevicd drivers/core/lists.c</em>
|
||
| | |-> ofnode_get_property(node, <span class="hl-string">"compatible"</span>, &compat_length); <em class="hl-comment">// 获取 compatible</em>
|
||
| | |-> driver_check_compatible() <em class="hl-comment">// 和 driver 比较 compatible 值</em>
|
||
| | |-> device_bind_with_driver_data() <em class="hl-comment">// 创建一个设备并绑定到 driver drivers/core/device.c</em>
|
||
| | |-> device_bind_common() <em class="hl-comment">// 创建初始化 udevice 与对应的 uclass,driver 绑定</em>
|
||
| |
|
||
| | <em class="hl-comment">// nodes = /chosen /clocks /firmware 一些节点本身不是设备，但包含一些设备，遍历其包含的设备</em>
|
||
| |-> dm_scan_fdt_ofnode_path(nodes[i], pre_reloc_only);
|
||
| |-> ofnode_path(path); <em class="hl-comment">// 找到节点下包含的设备</em>
|
||
| |-> dm_scan_fdt_node(gd->dm_root, node, pre_reloc_only);
|
||
|
|
||
|-> dm_scan_other(pre_reloc_only);
|
||
| <em class="hl-comment">// 扫描使用者自定义的节点 nothing</em></code></pre></div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e357__20250123155213">对于 DTS 中 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">soc</span> 节点下的设备，在初始化时统一挂载到 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">simple-bus</span> 中，在
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">soc</span> 设备绑定了 simple-bus 驱动后，触发对 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/parmname keyword parmname">soc</span>
|
||
的子设备的扫描和绑定。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="dts__codeblock_uld_cvl_q1c" data-ofbid="dts__codeblock_uld_cvl_q1c"><code>device_bind_common();
|
||
|-> uc->uc_drv->post_bind(dev)
|
||
simple_bus_post_bind(); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/simple-bus.c</em>
|
||
|-> dm_scan_fdt_dev(dev); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/root.c</em>
|
||
|-> dm_scan_fdt_node();</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d142692e374__20250123155213">在完成扫描和绑定所有的设备和驱动之后，系统处于可用状态，可以激活（probe）具体的设备并且使用。</p>
|
||
</section>
|
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#dts__section_h4g_g1h_bzb" data-tocid="dts__section_h4g_g1h_bzb">两个 DTB</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#dts__section_j4g_g1h_bzb" data-tocid="dts__section_j4g_g1h_bzb">SPL DTS 的配置</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#dts__section_o4g_g1h_bzb" data-tocid="dts__section_o4g_g1h_bzb">PLATDATA</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#dts__section_x4g_g1h_bzb" data-tocid="dts__section_x4g_g1h_bzb">扫描和绑定</a></div></li></ul></div>
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