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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic topic" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
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<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" title="Edit this document" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/burnsys/burner_offline.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">离线烧录</h1>
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<div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 2 minute(s)
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<div class="- topic/body body">
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<div class="- topic/div div" id="id__burnsys_offline_intro">
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e30__20250123155222">离线烧录，是指使用烧录器烧录存储器件，包括 SPI NOR 和 SPI NAND。本节演示使用硕飞 SP328 烧录器进行烧录的详细流程和步骤，以 D21x
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平台的镜像烧录为例。<div class="- topic/note note note note_note" id="id__note_rnf_mv5_12c" data-ofbid="id__note_rnf_mv5_12c"><span class="note__title">注：</span> <div class="note__body">离线（脱机）烧录会破坏掉固件的加密信息。如果开启了安全启动，SPIENC
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等加密方案，则不得进行脱机烧录。</div></div></div>
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<div class="- topic/note note note note_note" id="id__note_lyw_npt_12c" data-ofbid="id__note_lyw_npt_12c"><span class="note__title">注：</span> <div class="note__body">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e37__20250123155222">执行本节步骤和流程之前，确保已安装硕飞 SP328 烧录器，并准备好要烧录平台的镜像文件。更多关于烧录器的使用方法，可参考官方使用文档 (<a class="- topic/xref xref" href="https://www.sflytech.com/download/software/SP32_Manual_cn.pdf" target="_blank" rel="external noopener">https://www.sflytech.com/download/software/SP32_Manual_cn.pdf</a>) 以及软件使用文档。</p>
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</div></div>
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</div>
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<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__id2" data-ofbid="id__id2"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">准备镜像文件</h2>
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<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="id__ol_bgv_lff_jdc" data-ofbid="id__ol_bgv_lff_jdc">
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e53__20250123155222">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e55__20250123155222">在 SDK 根目录下，执行 <span class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/cmdname keyword cmdname">make menuconfig</span> 进入配置界面。</p>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e62__20250123155222">
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e64__20250123155222">勾选下列制作镜像参数：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="id__codeblock_rj1_mff_jdc" data-ofbid="id__codeblock_rj1_mff_jdc"><code>Filesystem images --->
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[*] Generate burner format image</code></pre></div>
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e69__20250123155222">对于 NAND 烧录镜像制作，需要设置 ROOTFS 为 UBI 文件格式：<div class="- topic/note note note note_note" id="id__note_nvr_yjv_fdc" data-ofbid="id__note_nvr_yjv_fdc"><span class="note__title">注：</span> <div class="note__body">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e73__20250123155222">仅在使用 NAND 且使用 UBI 文件系统时执行下列步骤，否则可略过。</p>
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</div></div><ol class="- topic/ol ol" type="a" id="id__ol_jzb_sc1_rdc" data-ofbid="id__ol_jzb_sc1_rdc">
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e78__20250123155222">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e80__20250123155222">在根目录执行 <span class="+ topic/keyword sw-d/cmdname keyword cmdname">make menuconfig</span> 打开配置界面。</p>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e87__20250123155222">
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e89__20250123155222">找到并使能下列配置项 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">ubi image containing an ubifs root
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filesystem</code>：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="id__codeblock_b4r_4ff_jdc" data-ofbid="id__codeblock_b4r_4ff_jdc"><code>Filesystem images --->
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RootFS images --->
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[*] ubi image containing an ubifs root filesystem
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[ ] Use custom config file
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() Additional ubinize options</code></pre></div>
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</li>
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</ol></div>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e100__20250123155222">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e102__20250123155222">编译完成后，在编译输出目录 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">(images)/burner</span> 下找到烧录器使用到的镜像，例如
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<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">d21x_demo100_nand_page_2k_block_128k_v1.0.0.bin</span>。</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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</section>
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<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_mh4_4bv_12c" data-ofbid="id__section_mh4_4bv_12c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">新建项目</h2>
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<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="id__ol_yst_1z5_12c" data-ofbid="id__ol_yst_1z5_12c">
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e121__20250123155222">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e123__20250123155222">在烧录器软件菜单栏中，选择 <span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/menucascade ph menucascade"><span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">芯片</span><abbr> > </abbr><span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">识别芯片型号</span></span>。</p>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e136__20250123155222">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e138__20250123155222">在弹窗中，选择芯片类型后点击开始检测。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e141__20250123155222">烧录器具有自动识别芯片的功能，若识别失败，则手动选择芯片型号。</p>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e145__20250123155222">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e147__20250123155222">在烧录器软件菜单栏中，点击<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/menucascade ph menucascade"><span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">文件</span><abbr> > </abbr><span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">新建项目</span></span>。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e159__20250123155222">在弹出的芯片型号选择对话框中，根据检查到的芯片型号选择匹配的型号。<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id12" data-ofbid="id__id12">
|
||
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_mzt_xff_jdc" src="../../../reusables/reused-topics/../../images/burnsys/burner_make_new_project1.png" width="576" alt="burner_make_new_project1"/></div><br/>
|
||
<figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">新建项目</span></figcaption></figure></div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_vrj_bcv_12c" data-ofbid="id__section_vrj_bcv_12c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">加载烧录数据</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e181__20250123155222">创建新项目后，在系统弹窗中点击<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">加载数据…</span>文件夹，并选择<a class="- topic/xref xref" href="../../../reusables/reused-topics/../../topics/sdk/burnsys/burner_offline.html#id__id2">准备烧录的镜像文件</a>。</p>
|
||
<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id13" data-ofbid="id__id13">
|
||
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_zst_1z5_12c" src="../../../reusables/reused-topics/../../images/burnsys/burner_load_file.png" width="480" alt="burner_load_file"/></div><br/>
|
||
<figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 2</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">加载烧录文件</span></figcaption></figure>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_ztm_fcv_12c" data-ofbid="id__section_ztm_fcv_12c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">项目设置</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e211__20250123155222">在<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">项目设置</span>页面，配置下列参数：<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="id__ul_oxq_5cs_gdc" data-ofbid="id__ul_oxq_5cs_gdc">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e218__20250123155222">选择<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">烧录区域</span>。</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e224__20250123155222">选择<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">烧录操作（自动）</span>。</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e230__20250123155222">选择<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">附加选项</span>。</li>
|
||
</ol></div>
|
||
<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id14" data-ofbid="id__id14">
|
||
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_att_1z5_12c" src="../../../reusables/reused-topics/../../images/burnsys/burner_project_setting1.png" width="480" alt="burner_project_setting1"/></div><br/>
|
||
<figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 3</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title"><span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">项目设置</span>配置界面</span></figcaption></figure>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_bjh_tbv_12c" data-ofbid="id__section_bjh_tbv_12c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">项目运行（烧录操作）</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e259__20250123155222">点击<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">自动单次</span>即可开始烧录，右侧会显示烧录信息。烧录完成后，即可取下芯片焊接至对应平台进行上电验证。</p>
|
||
<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id16" data-ofbid="id__id16">
|
||
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_ctt_1z5_12c" src="../../../reusables/reused-topics/../../images/burnsys/burner_project_run1.png" width="576" alt="burner_project_run1"/></div><br/>
|
||
<figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 4</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">项目运行</span></figcaption></figure>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_lnv_jcv_12c" data-ofbid="id__section_lnv_jcv_12c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">分区烧录模式</h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e283__20250123155222">分区烧录模式是一种针对 NAND Flash 存储器的烧录方式，允许将存储器划分为多个独立的区域，每个区域可以存储不同的数据。仅 NAND Flash
|
||
烧录设置有所不用，其它操作步骤不变。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e286__20250123155222">
|
||
<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="id__ol_npx_dds_gdc" data-ofbid="id__ol_npx_dds_gdc">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e290__20250123155222">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e292__20250123155222">打开 NAND Flash 烧录工具。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e296__20250123155222">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e298__20250123155222">点击 <span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">NAND Flash 烧录选项</span>，进入烧录选项设置界面。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e305__20250123155222">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e307__20250123155222">在坏块处理方式选择框中，选择<span class="+ topic/ph ui-d/uicontrol ph uicontrol">分区模式（含跳过坏块）</span>。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d203150e314__20250123155222">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e316__20250123155222">点击图标选择输出目录 <span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">(images)/burner</span> 中的
|
||
<span class="+ topic/ph sw-d/filepath ph filepath">image_part_table.bin</span> 文件后，即可导入分区表。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e325__20250123155222">在分区烧录模式下，需要导入分区表。分区表是一个描述存储器分区结构的文件，包含了每个分区的起始地址、大小和其他相关信息。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<figure class="- topic/fig fig fignone" id="id__id17" data-ofbid="id__id17">
|
||
|
||
<br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="id__image_ppk_bkv_fdc" src="../../../reusables/reused-topics/../../images/burnsys/burner_project_import_part_table1.png" width="576" alt="burner_project_import_part_table1"/></div><br/>
|
||
<figcaption data-caption-side="bottom" class="- topic/title title figcapcenter"><span class="figtitleprefix fig--title-label">图<span class="fig--title-label-number"> 5</span><span class="fig--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="fig--title">导入分区表</span></figcaption></figure>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section class="- topic/section section" id="id__section_kjn_kcv_12c" data-ofbid="id__section_kjn_kcv_12c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">坏块管理</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d203150e349__20250123155222">本节澄清烧录工厂需要关注的 SDK 坏块管理策略及相关问题，仅针对 SPI NAND 烧录。对于 SPI NOR
|
||
烧录，控制器会完成坏块管理，因此不需要进行额外的坏块处理。<div class="table-container"><table class="- topic/table table frame-all" id="id__table_pwm_35t_12c" data-ofbid="id__table_pwm_35t_12c" data-cols="2"><caption class="- topic/title title tablecap" data-caption-side="top" data-is-repeated="true"><span class="table--title-label">表<span class="table--title-label-number"> 1</span><span class="table--title-label-punctuation">. </span></span><span class="table--title">坏块管理相关问题及说明</span></caption><colgroup><col style="width:24.752475247524753%"/><col style="width:75.24752475247524%"/></colgroup><thead class="- topic/thead thead">
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" id="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__1">问题</th>
|
||
<th class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" id="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__2">详细说明</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead><tbody class="- topic/tbody tbody">
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__1">坏块标识策略</td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__2">SDK 不使用 Spare area，其全部作为坏块管理用，使用 Spare area 的前两个字节做标识，不是 0xFF
|
||
0xFF 则表示为坏快，直接跳过。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__1">坏块处理策略</td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__2">直接跳过该块，无其他要特殊记录的资料信息。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__1">ECC 算法</td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__2">SDK 使用 FLASH 内部硬件 ECC， 因此没有额外的算法代码。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__1">固定 BLOCK 要求</td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__2">前四个 BLOCK 如果都是坏块，直接报出烧录失败，无其他特殊要求。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__1">文件系统</td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-1" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__2">根据客户需要会使用 FATFS 或者 littlefs。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="- topic/row">
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-1 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__1">Image file 最大容量要求</td>
|
||
<td class="- topic/entry entry colsep-0 rowsep-0" headers="id__table_pwm_35t_12c__entry__2">根据客户需要，不限制最大容量，但 SPI NAND 性价比比较高的是 128 MB 或者 256 MB 的，推论分区一般在
|
||
200M 以下。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody></table></div></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</div>
|
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</article></main></div>
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<div id="wh_topic_toc_content">
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__id2" data-tocid="id__id2">准备镜像文件</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_mh4_4bv_12c" data-tocid="id__section_mh4_4bv_12c">新建项目</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_vrj_bcv_12c" data-tocid="id__section_vrj_bcv_12c">加载烧录数据</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_ztm_fcv_12c" data-tocid="id__section_ztm_fcv_12c">项目设置</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_bjh_tbv_12c" data-tocid="id__section_bjh_tbv_12c">项目运行（烧录操作）</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_lnv_jcv_12c" data-tocid="id__section_lnv_jcv_12c">分区烧录模式</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#id__section_kjn_kcv_12c" data-tocid="id__section_kjn_kcv_12c">坏块管理</a></div></li></ul></div>
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