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href="../../../topics/sdk/i2s/i2s_faq.html" id="i2s_common_issues-d4445e5792-link">常见问题</a></div></div></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="audio_codec_user_guide-d4445e5806" class="topicref" data-id="audio_codec_user_guide" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action audio_codec_user_guide-d4445e5806-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/audio_codec/audio-codec-user-guide.html" id="audio_codec_user_guide-d4445e5806-link">Audio Codec 使用指南</a></div></div></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d4445e5947" class="topicref" data-id="concept_nww_hzh_pzb" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d4445e5947-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/chapter-title/chapter-interface-sdk.html" id="concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d4445e5947-link">接口</a><div class="wh-tooltip"><p class="shortdesc">CAN、CIR、GPAI、GPIO、I2C、PSADC、PWM 等接口模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="chapter-safety-d4445e7944" class="topicref" data-id="chapter-safety" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action chapter-safety-d4445e7944-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/chapter-title/chapter-safety-sdk.html" id="chapter-safety-d4445e7944-link">安全</a><div class="wh-tooltip"><p class="shortdesc">SPI ENC、CE、eFuse 等安全模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></div>
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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
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<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" title="Edit this document" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/i2s/i2s_arch.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">I2S 架构设计</h1>
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<div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 1 minute(s)
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d46891e33__20250123155201">内核中音频采用 ALSA 驱动框架，该框架管理所有与音频相关的软件与硬件，I2S 的驱动设计需要遵循该框架的基本要求。ALSA 音频框架将底层的硬件驱动分为三个部分：machine、pltform 与 codec。三者的关系如下图所示：</p>
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<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d46891e36__20250123155201"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="i2s_architecture__image_kk1_sg3_d1c" src="../../../images/i2s/i2s_alsa_design.png" width="384" alt="design_12"/></div><br/></div>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d46891e43__20250123155201">ALSA 框架将底层划分为三部分后，使得 platform 和 codec 的驱动实现变得更加简单，二者只专注于实现自己的功能代码，由 machine 驱动来实现 platform 和 codec 的耦合，二者依靠 dai 和 codec_dai 进行数据传输。platform 驱动的主要作用是完成音频数据的管理，最终通过 SOC 的数字音频接口(cpu_dai)把音频数据传送给 codec 进行播放或将 codec 采集的音频数据存储到内存中。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d46891e46__20250123155201">在具体的实现上，ALSA 将 platform 驱动（platform 可以简单理解为 SOC 端的驱动）分为两部分：实现音频数据传输和管理的 DMA 驱动和 CPU
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DAI 的驱动。且 ALSA 框架中已实现了 DMA 对音频数据管理部分的驱动 代码，所以 S 的驱动只需要实现 CPU
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DAI 部分的驱动，音频数据管理部分只需要指定数据传输的起始地址或目的地址，以及传输位宽即可。</p>
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<section class="- topic/section section" id="i2s_architecture__section_lc4_sg3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_architecture__section_lc4_sg3_d1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">CPU DAI 驱动</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d46891e54__20250123155201">在驱动实现上，无论是 codec 还是 platform，ALSA 将它们统一划分为 component 和 dai，所以，就要相应的实现 driver 和 driver。
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然后调用 component 进行统一注册。snd_soc_component_driver 主要是注册与 dapm 相关的音频控件等信息，snd_soc_dai_driver 主要是注册数字音频接口 S 或 PCM 等的信息及底层操作函数。</p>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d46891e57__20250123155201">由于在 platform 端，主要是 S 接口和 DMA 的传输配置，不存在音频控件，所以 DAI 的驱动主要是实现 driver。包括指定 S 接口支持的通道数、采样率、支持的数据格式，以及对 S 配置和控制的回调函数集合 snd_soc_dai_ops 的实现</p>
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<section class="- topic/section section" id="i2s_architecture__section_mc4_sg3_d1c" data-ofbid="i2s_architecture__section_mc4_sg3_d1c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">音频 DMA 驱动</h2>
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d46891e67__20250123155201">ALSA 架构中，对 DMA 的一些配置和传输的函数已经由 ALSA 框架实现，所以这部分驱动实现只需要指定 playback 和 capture 中 DMA 传输的地址以及传输的位宽，然后调用 register
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进行注册即可。</p>
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#i2s_architecture__section_lc4_sg3_d1c" data-tocid="i2s_architecture__section_lc4_sg3_d1c">CPU DAI 驱动</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#i2s_architecture__section_mc4_sg3_d1c" data-tocid="i2s_architecture__section_mc4_sg3_d1c">音频 DMA 驱动</a></div></li></ul></div>
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