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href="../../../topics/sdk/pbus/pbus-user-guide.html" id="pbus_user_guide-d4445e6514-link">PBUS 使用指南</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true"><div data-tocid="pinctrl_user_guide-d4445e6598" class="topicref" data-id="pinctrl_user_guide" data-state="expanded"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-collapse-action pinctrl_user_guide-d4445e6598-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/pinctrl/pinctrl-user-guide.html" id="pinctrl_user_guide-d4445e6598-link">PINCTRL 使用指南</a></div></div><ul role="group" class="navbar-nav nav-list"><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="pinctrl_configuration-d4445e6612" class="topicref" data-id="pinctrl_configuration" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/pinctrl/pinctrl-configuration.html" id="pinctrl_configuration-d4445e6612-link">PINCTRL 配置</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div 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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
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<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" title="Edit this document" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/pinctrl/pinctrl-architecture.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">模块架构</h1>
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<div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 1 minute(s)
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</div>
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<div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody">
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<section class="- topic/section section" id="pinctrl_architecture__section_xzr_3gs_21c" data-ofbid="pinctrl_architecture__section_xzr_3gs_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">pinctrl 驱动</h2><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e36__20250123155204">pinctrl 子系统对 controller 进行了软件抽象，并由 controller 所实现的操作函数集来管理各个 pin 脚的属性和复用。子系统中主要的数据结构关系如下图：</p><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e38__20250123155204"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="pinctrl_architecture__image_llh_tfs_21c" src="../../../images/pinctrl/pinctrl_data_struct.png" width="576" alt="pinctrl_data_struct"/></div><br/></div><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e44__20250123155204">其相应的软件基本框架为：</p><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e46__20250123155204"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="pinctrl_architecture__image_mlh_tfs_21c" src="../../../images/pinctrl/pinctrl_subsystem.png" width="480" alt="pinctrl_subsystem"/></div><br/></div><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e52__20250123155204">pinctrl 子系统的底层驱动实现，主要分为三部分：</p><ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="pinctrl_architecture__ul_nlh_tfs_21c" data-ofbid="pinctrl_architecture__ul_nlh_tfs_21c">
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||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e56__20250123155204">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e58__20250123155204">struct pinconf_ops 函数集实现，主要用来设置 pin 脚的电气参数，如上下拉，驱动能力等。</p>
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</li>
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||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e62__20250123155204">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e64__20250123155204">struct pinctrl_ops 函数集实现，主要用来实现对 DTS 的解析，获取实现某一功能所需的 pin 脚信息。</p>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e68__20250123155204">
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e70__20250123155204">struct pinmux_ops 函数集实现，主要用来实现功能复用，依据获取到的 pin 脚信息，实现底层的寄存器配置等。</p>
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</li>
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</ul></section>
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<section class="- topic/section section" id="pinctrl_architecture__section_cby_lgs_21c" data-ofbid="pinctrl_architecture__section_cby_lgs_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">gpio 驱动</h2><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e78__20250123155204">常见的 gpio 有外挂的 gpio 芯片以及 SOC 自身的 gpio 控制器，linux 内核将这两种 gpio 统一看作是 gpio
|
||
chip 进行处理。gpio 子系统整体框架如下图：</p><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e80__20250123155204"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="pinctrl_architecture__image_plh_tfs_21c" src="../../../images/gpio/gpio_subsystem.png" width="480" alt="gpio_subsystem"/></div><br/></div><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e86__20250123155204">gpio 子系统的核心就是 gpiolib。它的主要作用是：</p><ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="pinctrl_architecture__ol_qlh_tfs_21c" data-ofbid="pinctrl_architecture__ol_qlh_tfs_21c">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e90__20250123155204">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e92__20250123155204">向下为 driver 提供注册 struct gpio_chip 的接口：gpiochip_xxx()</p>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e96__20250123155204">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e98__20250123155204">向上为 consumer 提供引用 gpio 的接口：gpiod_xxx()</p>
|
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e102__20250123155204">
|
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e104__20250123155204">实现字符设备的功能</p>
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e108__20250123155204">
|
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e110__20250123155204">注册 sysfs</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e114__20250123155204">作为 SOC 厂商，需要实现的驱动就是 driver 部分，所以，这部分的主要工作就是实现 chip 结构体中的函数集，并注册 controller。</p></section>
|
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<section class="- topic/section section" id="pinctrl_architecture__section_wvt_mgs_21c" data-ofbid="pinctrl_architecture__section_wvt_mgs_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">irqchip 驱动</h2><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e120__20250123155204">当 gpio 口接收中断时，linux 内核是将 gpio 作为一个级联到 GIC 上的二级中断控制器处理的。一个典型的拓扑结构如下图：</p><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e122__20250123155204"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="pinctrl_architecture__image_slh_tfs_21c" src="../../../images/pinctrl/pinctrl_irq_arch.png" width="480" alt="irq_arch"/></div><br/></div><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e128__20250123155204">linux 内核将此时的 GPIO 控制器看作是一个中断控制器，用 chip 进行软件抽象。所以需要实现相应的 gpio 中断控制器的驱动。按照 irqchip 子系统的框架，每一个中断线对应一个 desc 结构体，该结构体包含一个 irq，是该中断线的 level 中断处理函数。该函数的主要作用是：打开或关闭相应中断号的中断，通知 CPU 中断处理完成。调用底层的中断处理函数。子系统中定义了几个不同的 level 函数，可以依据不同的中断类型和不同的中断控制器，选择不同的 level 函数。</p><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e130__20250123155204">与 chip 的驱动实现有些类似，irqchip 的驱动也主要是实现 chip 中的函数集。由于 gpio 中断控制器是一个二级中断控制器，所以驱动中需要做的工作有：</p><ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="pinctrl_architecture__ul_tlh_tfs_21c" data-ofbid="pinctrl_architecture__ul_tlh_tfs_21c">
|
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e134__20250123155204">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e136__20250123155204">实现 gpio 中断控制器的驱动，主要工作是实现 chip 中的函数集</p>
|
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</li>
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<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d68642e140__20250123155204">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d68642e142__20250123155204">实现每个 controller 的中断线所对应的中断描述符的 irq，用于在 gpio 触发中断时查找触发中断的 gpio line</p>
|
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<div class=" wh_topic_toc "><div class="wh_topic_label">在本页上</div><ul><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#pinctrl_architecture__section_xzr_3gs_21c" data-tocid="pinctrl_architecture__section_xzr_3gs_21c">pinctrl 驱动</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#pinctrl_architecture__section_cby_lgs_21c" data-tocid="pinctrl_architecture__section_cby_lgs_21c">gpio 驱动</a></div></li><li class="section-item"><div class="section-title"><a href="#pinctrl_architecture__section_wvt_mgs_21c" data-tocid="pinctrl_architecture__section_wvt_mgs_21c">irqchip 驱动</a></div></li></ul></div>
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