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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" title="Edit this document" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-device_layer.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">USB Device Layer</h1>
<div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
Read time: 7 minute(s)
</div>
<div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody">
<section class="- topic/section section" id="usb_host_device_layer__section_jvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__section_jvl_xnz_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Device (struct usb_device)</h2>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e38__20250123155218"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">USB Device</code> Device 对应的数据结构为 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">struct usb_device</code>
,会在两种情况下被创建:</p>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="usb_host_device_layer__ul_kvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__ul_kvl_xnz_21c">
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d175627e48__20250123155218">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e50__20250123155218">roothub device。在 HCD 驱动注册时创建:</p>
</li>
</ul>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_lvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_lvl_xnz_21c"><code><em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 首先创建和初始化 `usb_device` 结构: */</em>
usb_add_hcd() → usb_alloc_dev():
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device *usb_alloc_dev(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device *parent,
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_bus *bus, <strong class="hl-keyword">unsigned</strong> port1)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1.1) dev 总线初始化为 usb_bus_type */</em>
dev-&gt;dev.bus = &amp;usb_bus_type;
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1.2) dev 类型初始化为 usb_device_type标明自己是一个 usb device */</em>
dev-&gt;dev.type = &amp;usb_device_type;
dev-&gt;dev.groups = usb_device_groups;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) 然后注册 `usb_device` 结构: */</em>
usb_add_hcd() → register_root_hub() → usb_new_device() → device_add()
</code></pre>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="usb_host_device_layer__ul_mvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__ul_mvl_xnz_21c">
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d175627e60__20250123155218">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e62__20250123155218">普通 usb device。在 Hub 检测到端口有设备 attach 时创建:</p>
</li>
</ul>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_nvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_nvl_xnz_21c"><code><em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 首先创建和初始化 `usb_device` 结构: */</em>
hub_event() → port_event() → hub_port_connect_change() → hub_port_connect() → usb_alloc_dev()
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) 然后注册 `usb_device` 结构: */</em>
hub_event() → port_event() → hub_port_connect_change() → hub_port_connect() → usb_new_device() → device_add()
</code></pre>
</section>
<section class="- topic/section section" id="usb_host_device_layer__section_ovl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__section_ovl_xnz_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Driver (struct usb_device_driver)</h2>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e77__20250123155218"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">USB Device</code> Driver 对应的数据结构为 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">struct
usb_device_driver</code>,使用 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">usb_register_device_driver()</code>
函数进行注册:</p>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_pvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_pvl_xnz_21c"><code><strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> usb_register_device_driver(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device_driver *new_udriver,
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> module *owner)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 设置 devices 标志为 1表面这个驱动时给 usb device 使用的 */</em>
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.for_devices = <span class="hl-number">1</span>;
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.driver.name = new_udriver-&gt;name;
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.driver.bus = &amp;usb_bus_type;
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.driver.probe = usb_probe_device;
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.driver.remove = usb_unbind_device;
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.driver.owner = owner;
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.driver.dev_groups = new_udriver-&gt;dev_groups;
retval = driver_register(&amp;new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.driver);
}
</code></pre>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e91__20250123155218">注册的 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">USB Device</code> Driver 驱动非常少,一般情况下所有的 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">USB Device</code>
Device 都会适配到 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">usb_generic_driver</code>。因为这一层次驱动的目的很单纯,就是给 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">USB
Device</code> 下所有的 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">Interface</code> 创建对应的 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">USB
Interface</code> Device。</p>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_qvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_qvl_xnz_21c"><code>usb_init() → usb_register_device_driver() :
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> __init usb_init(<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong>)
{
retval = usb_register_device_driver(&amp;usb_generic_driver, THIS_MODULE);
}
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device_driver usb_generic_driver = {
.name = <span class="hl-string">"usb"</span>,
.match = usb_generic_driver_match,
.probe = usb_generic_driver_probe,
.disconnect = usb_generic_driver_disconnect,
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
.suspend = usb_generic_driver_suspend,
.resume = usb_generic_driver_resume,
#endif
.supports_autosuspend = <span class="hl-number">1</span>,
};
</code></pre>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e117__20250123155218">驱动 probe() 过程:</p>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_rvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_rvl_xnz_21c"><code>usb_probe_device() → usb_generic_driver_probe() → usb_set_configuration():
<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> usb_set_configuration(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device *dev, <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> configuration)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 创建和初始化 `struct usb_interface` */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">for</strong> (i = <span class="hl-number">0</span>; i &lt; nintf; ++i) {
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1.1) dev 总线初始化为 usb_bus_type */</em>
intf-&gt;dev.bus = &amp;usb_bus_type;
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1.2) dev 类型初始化为 usb_if_device_type标明自己是一个 usb interface */</em>
intf-&gt;dev.type = &amp;usb_if_device_type;
intf-&gt;dev.groups = usb_interface_groups;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) 注册 `struct usb_interface` */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">for</strong> (i = <span class="hl-number">0</span>; i &lt; nintf; ++i) {
ret = device_add(&amp;intf-&gt;dev);
}
}
</code></pre>
</section>
<section class="- topic/section section" id="usb_host_device_layer__section_svl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__section_svl_xnz_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Bus (usb_bus_type)</h2>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e129__20250123155218">可以看到 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">struct usb_device</code><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">struct usb_interface</code>
使用的总线都是 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">usb_bus_type</code>。他们是通过字段 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">dev.type</code> 来区分的:</p>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_tvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_tvl_xnz_21c"><code><em class="hl-comment">/* (1) `struct usb_device` 的 `dev.type` 值为 `usb_device_type` */</em>
usb_add_hcd() → usb_alloc_dev():
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device *usb_alloc_dev(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device *parent,
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_bus *bus, <strong class="hl-keyword">unsigned</strong> port1)
{
dev-&gt;dev.type = &amp;usb_device_type;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) `struct usb_interface` 的 `dev.type` 值为 `usb_if_device_type` */</em>
usb_probe_device() → usb_generic_driver_probe() → usb_set_configuration():
<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> usb_set_configuration(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device *dev, <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> configuration)
{
<strong class="hl-keyword">for</strong> (i = <span class="hl-number">0</span>; i &lt; nintf; ++i) {
intf-&gt;dev.type = &amp;usb_if_device_type;
}
}
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">inline</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> is_usb_device(<strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> device *dev)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (3) 判断当前 Device 是否为 Usb Device */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> dev-&gt;type == &amp;usb_device_type;
}
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">inline</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> is_usb_interface(<strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> device *dev)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (4) 判断当前 Device 是否为 Usb Interface */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> dev-&gt;type == &amp;usb_if_device_type;
}
</code></pre>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e147__20250123155218">另外 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">struct usb_device_driver</code><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">struct usb_driver</code>
使用的总线都是 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">usb_bus_type</code>。他们是通过字段 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">drvwrap.for_devices</code>
来区分的:</p>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_uvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_uvl_xnz_21c"><code><em class="hl-comment">/* (1) `struct usb_device_driver` 的 `drvwrap.for_devices` 值为 1 */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> usb_register_device_driver(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device_driver *new_udriver,
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> module *owner)
{
new_udriver-&gt;drvwrap.for_devices = <span class="hl-number">1</span>;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) `struct usb_driver` 的 `drvwrap.for_devices` 值为 0 */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> usb_register_driver(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_driver *new_driver, <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> module *owner,
<strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">char</strong> *mod_name)
{
new_driver-&gt;drvwrap.for_devices = <span class="hl-number">0</span>;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* (3) 判断当前 Driver 是适配 Usb Device 还是 Usb Interface */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">inline</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> is_usb_device_driver(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> device_driver *drv)
{
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> container_of(drv, <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usbdrv_wrap, driver)-&gt;
for_devices;
}
</code></pre>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d175627e166__20250123155218"><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">usb_bus_type</code><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">match()</code> 函数中利用
<code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">dev.type</code> 进行判别分开处理:</p>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_device_layer__pre_vvl_xnz_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_device_layer__pre_vvl_xnz_21c"><code><strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> bus_type usb_bus_type = {
.name = <span class="hl-string">"usb"</span>,
.match = usb_device_match,
.uevent = usb_uevent,
.need_parent_lock = true,
};
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> usb_device_match(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> device *dev, <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> device_driver *drv)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* devices and interfaces are handled separately */</em>
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) Device 是 `Usb Device` 的处理 */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (is_usb_device(dev)) {
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device *udev;
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device_driver *udrv;
<em class="hl-comment">/* interface drivers never match devices */</em>
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1.1) 只查找 `Usb Device` 的 Driver */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (!is_usb_device_driver(drv))
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> <span class="hl-number">0</span>;
udev = to_usb_device(dev);
udrv = to_usb_device_driver(drv);
<em class="hl-comment">/* If the device driver under consideration does not have a
* id_table or a match function, then let the driver's probe
* function decide.
*/</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (!udrv-&gt;id_table &amp;&amp; !udrv-&gt;match)
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> <span class="hl-number">1</span>;
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> usb_driver_applicable(udev, udrv);
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) Device 是 `Usb Interface` 的处理 */</em>
} <strong class="hl-keyword">else</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (is_usb_interface(dev)) {
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_interface *intf;
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_driver *usb_drv;
<strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device_id *id;
<em class="hl-comment">/* device drivers never match interfaces */</em>
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2.1) 只查找 `Usb Interface` 的 Driver */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (is_usb_device_driver(drv))
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> <span class="hl-number">0</span>;
intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
usb_drv = to_usb_driver(drv);
id = usb_match_id(intf, usb_drv-&gt;id_table);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (id)
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> <span class="hl-number">1</span>;
id = usb_match_dynamic_id(intf, usb_drv);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (id)
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> <span class="hl-number">1</span>;
}
<strong class="hl-keyword">return</strong> <span class="hl-number">0</span>;
}</code></pre>
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