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class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb-host_subsystem_code_structure.html" id="usb_host_subsystem_code_structure-d4445e7594-link">USB Host 子系统代码架构</a></div></div><ul role="group" class="navbar-nav nav-list"><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="usb_host_core-d4445e7608" class="topicref" data-id="usb_host_core" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-core.html" id="usb_host_core-d4445e7608-link">USB Core</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="usb_host_device_layer-d4445e7622" class="topicref" data-id="usb_host_device_layer" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-device_layer.html" id="usb_host_device_layer-d4445e7622-link">USB Device Layer</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="true"><div data-tocid="usb_host_interface_layer-d4445e7636" class="topicref" data-id="usb_host_interface_layer" data-state="expanded"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-collapse-action usb_host_interface_layer-d4445e7636-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-interface_layer.html" id="usb_host_interface_layer-d4445e7636-link">USB Interface Layer</a></div></div><ul role="group" class="navbar-nav nav-list"><li role="treeitem"><div data-tocid="usb_host_interface_device_struct_usb_interface-d4445e7650" class="topicref" data-id="usb_host_interface_device_struct_usb_interface" data-state="leaf"><span role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-interface-device_struct_usb_interface.html" id="usb_host_interface_device_struct_usb_interface-d4445e7650-link">Device (struct usb_interface)</a></div></div></li><li role="treeitem"><div 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role="button" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-interface-bus_usb_bus_type.html" id="usb_host_interface_bus_usb_bus_type-d4445e7692-link">BUS (usb_bus_type)</a></div></div></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="usb_host_controller_layer-d4445e7706" class="topicref" data-id="usb_host_controller_layer" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action usb_host_controller_layer-d4445e7706-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-controller_layer.html" id="usb_host_controller_layer-d4445e7706-link">USB Host Controller Layer</a></div></div></li></ul></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="usb_device_subsystem_code_structure-d4445e7762" class="topicref" data-id="usb_device_subsystem_code_structure" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" 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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" title="Edit this document" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/usb/usb-host-interface-usb_hub_driver.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">USB Hub Driver</h1>
<div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
Read time: 6 minute(s)
</div>
<div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody">
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e33__20250123155214"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__image_dns_14z_21c" src="../../../images/usb/usb_hub.png" alt="image3"/></div><br/></div>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e40__20250123155214">普通的 Usb Device 通过内部的 Interface 提供各种业务功能。而 Hub 这类特殊的 Usb Device 功能就一种,那就是监控端口的状态变化:</p>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__ul_ens_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__ul_ens_14z_21c">
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d147125e45__20250123155214">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e47__20250123155214">在端口上有设备 attach 时,创建新的 usb device给其适配驱动。如果是 hub device子 usb 驱动会进一步扫描端口。</p>
</li>
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d147125e51__20250123155214">
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e53__20250123155214">在端口上有设备 deattach 时,移除掉对应的 usb device。如果是 hub device 进一步移除其所有的子 usb device。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e58__20250123155214">Hub 也是标准的 Usb Device它也是标准的流程被上一级设备发现后 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">创建 Usb Device</code><code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">创建 Usb
Interface</code> ,然后被 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">Usb Hub Interface</code> Driver 给适配到。系统中只有一个 Hub
驱动:<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__codeblock_abf_34z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__codeblock_abf_34z_21c"><code><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_device_id hub_id_table[] = {
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_VENDOR
| USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_PRODUCT
| USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS,
.idVendor = USB_VENDOR_SMSC,
.idProduct = USB_PRODUCT_USB5534B,
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_HUB,
.driver_info = HUB_QUIRK_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND},
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_VENDOR
| USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS,
.idVendor = USB_VENDOR_GENESYS_LOGIC,
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_HUB,
.driver_info = HUB_QUIRK_CHECK_PORT_AUTOSUSPEND},
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_CLASS,
.bDeviceClass = USB_CLASS_HUB},
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS,
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_HUB},
{ } <em class="hl-comment">/* Terminating entry */</em>
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, hub_id_table);
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_driver hub_driver = {
.name = <span class="hl-string">"hub"</span>,
.probe = hub_probe,
.disconnect = hub_disconnect,
.suspend = hub_suspend,
.resume = hub_resume,
.reset_resume = hub_reset_resume,
.pre_reset = hub_pre_reset,
.post_reset = hub_post_reset,
.unlocked_ioctl = hub_ioctl,
.id_table = hub_id_table,
.supports_autosuspend = <span class="hl-number">1</span>,
};</code></pre></div>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e72__20250123155214">hub_driver 驱动启动以后,只做一件事情发送一个查询端口状态的 <code class="+ topic/ph pr-d/codeph ph codeph">urb</code> </p>
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_gns_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_gns_14z_21c"><code>hub_probe() → hub_configure():
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> hub_configure(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_hub *hub,
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_endpoint_descriptor *endpoint)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 分配 urb */</em>
hub-&gt;urb = usb_alloc_urb(<span class="hl-number">0</span>, GFP_KERNEL);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (!hub-&gt;urb) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
<strong class="hl-keyword">goto</strong> fail;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) 初始化 urb作用就是通过 ep0 查询 hub 的端口状态
urb 的回调函数是 hub_irq()
*/</em>
usb_fill_int_urb(hub-&gt;urb, hdev, pipe, *hub-&gt;buffer, maxp, hub_irq,
hub, endpoint-&gt;bInterval);
<em class="hl-comment">/* (3) 发送 urb */</em>
hub_activate(hub, HUB_INIT);
}
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> hub_activate(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_hub *hub, <strong class="hl-keyword">enum</strong> hub_activation_type type)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (3.1) 提交 urb */</em>
status = usb_submit_urb(hub-&gt;urb, GFP_NOIO);
}
</code></pre>
<section class="- topic/section section" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_hns_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_hns_14z_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Normal Hub Port op</h2>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e87__20250123155214">在普通的 hub 中,端口操作是通过标准的 urb 发起 usb ep0 读写。分为两类:</p>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__ul_ins_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__ul_ins_14z_21c">
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d147125e92__20250123155214"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e93__20250123155214">通过轮询读取 <em class="+ topic/ph hi-d/i ph i">Hub Class-specific Requests</em> 配置来查询端口的状态:</p><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e98__20250123155214"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__image_jns_14z_21c" src="../../../images/usb/usb_hub_get_port.png" alt="image4"/></div><br/></div></li>
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d147125e105__20250123155214"><p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e106__20250123155214">设置和使能端口也是通过 <em class="+ topic/ph hi-d/i ph i">Hub Class-specific Requests</em> 中相应的命令实现的:</p><div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e111__20250123155214"><br/><div class="imagecenter"><img class="- topic/image image imagecenter" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__image_lns_14z_21c" src="../../../images/usb/usb_hub_set_port.png" alt="image5"/></div><br/></div></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="- topic/section section" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_mns_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_mns_14z_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">RootHub Port op</h2>
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e125__20250123155214">而对于 roothub 来说,对端口的操作的 urb 都需要特殊处理 (以 EHCI 的驱动为例)</p>
<ul class="- topic/ul ul" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__ul_nns_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__ul_nns_14z_21c">
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d147125e130__20250123155214">
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e132__20250123155214">端口状态的变化可以通过 HCD
触发中断再上报:<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_ons_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_ons_14z_21c"><code>ehci_irq() → usb_hcd_poll_rh_status() :
<strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> usb_hcd_poll_rh_status(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_hcd *hcd)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 获取端口状态的变化 */</em>
length = hcd-&gt;driver-&gt;hub_status_data(hcd, buffer);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (length &gt; <span class="hl-number">0</span>) {
<em class="hl-comment">/* try to complete the status urb */</em>
spin_lock_irqsave(&amp;hcd_root_hub_lock, flags);
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) 通过回复 hcd-&gt;status_urb 来进行上报 */</em>
urb = hcd-&gt;status_urb;
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (urb) {
clear_bit(HCD_FLAG_POLL_PENDING, &amp;hcd-&gt;flags);
hcd-&gt;status_urb = NULL;
urb-&gt;actual_length = length;
memcpy(urb-&gt;transfer_buffer, buffer, length);
usb_hcd_unlink_urb_from_ep(hcd, urb);
usb_hcd_giveback_urb(hcd, urb, <span class="hl-number">0</span>);
} <strong class="hl-keyword">else</strong> {
length = <span class="hl-number">0</span>;
set_bit(HCD_FLAG_POLL_PENDING, &amp;hcd-&gt;flags);
}
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&amp;hcd_root_hub_lock, flags);
}
}
hcd-&gt;driver-&gt;hub_status_data() → ehci_hub_status_data():
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong>
ehci_hub_status_data (<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_hcd *hcd, <strong class="hl-keyword">char</strong> *buf)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1.1) 通过 HCD 驱动,获取 roothub 端口的状态 */</em>
}
</code></pre></div>
</li>
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d147125e138__20250123155214">
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e140__20250123155214">设置和使能端口需要嫁接到 HCD
驱动相关函数上实现:<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_qns_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_qns_14z_21c"><code>usb_hcd_submit_urb() → rh_urb_enqueue() → rh_call_control() → hcd-&gt;driver-&gt;hub_control() → ehci_hub_control():
<strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> ehci_hub_control(
<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_hcd *hcd,
u16 typeReq,
u16 wValue,
u16 wIndex,
<strong class="hl-keyword">char</strong> *buf,
u16 wLength
) {
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 通过 HCD 驱动,设置 roothub 的端口 */</em>
}
</code></pre></div>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section class="- topic/section section" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_j4w_y4z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_j4w_y4z_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Device Attach</h2>
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e153__20250123155214">
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_rns_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_rns_14z_21c"><code>hub_event() → port_event() → hub_port_connect_change() → hub_port_connect():
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> hub_port_connect(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_hub *hub, <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> port1, u16 portstatus,
u16 portchange)
{
<strong class="hl-keyword">for</strong> (i = <span class="hl-number">0</span>; i &lt; PORT_INIT_TRIES; i++) {
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 给端口上新 Device 分配 `struct usb_device` 数据结构 */</em>
udev = usb_alloc_dev(hdev, hdev-&gt;bus, port1);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (!udev) {
dev_err(&amp;port_dev-&gt;dev,
<span class="hl-string">"couldn't allocate usb_device\n"</span>);
<strong class="hl-keyword">goto</strong> done;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* (2) 给新的 Device 分配一个新的 Address */</em>
choose_devnum(udev);
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (udev-&gt;devnum &lt;= <span class="hl-number">0</span>) {
status = -ENOTCONN; <em class="hl-comment">/* Don't retry */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">goto</strong> loop;
}
<em class="hl-comment">/* reset (non-USB 3.0 devices) and get descriptor */</em>
usb_lock_port(port_dev);
<em class="hl-comment">/* (3) 使能端口,并且调用 hub_set_address() 给 Device 配置上新分配的 Address */</em>
status = hub_port_init(hub, udev, port1, i);
usb_unlock_port(port_dev);
<em class="hl-comment">/* (4) 注册 `struct usb_device` */</em>
status = usb_new_device(udev);
}
}
</code></pre>
</div>
</section>
<section class="- topic/section section" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_xzh_z4z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__section_xzh_z4z_21c"><h2 class="- topic/title title sectiontitle">Device Deattach</h2>
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d147125e165__20250123155214">
<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_sns_14z_21c" data-ofbid="usb_host_interface_usb_hub_driver__pre_sns_14z_21c"><code>hub_event() → port_event() → hub_port_connect_change() → hub_port_connect():
<strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">void</strong> hub_port_connect(<strong class="hl-keyword">struct</strong> usb_hub *hub, <strong class="hl-keyword">int</strong> port1, u16 portstatus,
u16 portchange)
{
<em class="hl-comment">/* (1) 移除端口上的 `struct usb_device` */</em>
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (udev) {
<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> (hcd-&gt;usb_phy &amp;&amp; !hdev-&gt;parent)
usb_phy_notify_disconnect(hcd-&gt;usb_phy, udev-&gt;speed);
usb_disconnect(&amp;port_dev-&gt;child);
}
}
</code></pre>
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