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class="shortdesc">GE、VE、Display、DVP、MPP、MPP 播放器等多媒体模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d4445e5947" class="topicref" data-id="concept_nww_hzh_pzb" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d4445e5947-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/chapter-title/chapter-interface-sdk.html" id="concept_nww_hzh_pzb-d4445e5947-link">接口</a><div class="wh-tooltip"><p class="shortdesc">CAN、CIR、GPAI、GPIO、I2C、PSADC、PWM 等接口模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li><li role="treeitem" aria-expanded="false"><div data-tocid="chapter-safety-d4445e7944" class="topicref" data-id="chapter-safety" data-state="not-ready"><span role="button" tabindex="0" aria-labelledby="button-expand-action chapter-safety-d4445e7944-link" class="wh-expand-btn"></span><div class="title"><a href="../../../topics/chapter-title/chapter-safety-sdk.html" id="chapter-safety-d4445e7944-link">安全</a><div class="wh-tooltip"><p class="shortdesc">SPI ENC、CE、eFuse 等安全模块的介绍和使用说明。</p></div></div></div></li></ul></li></ul></div>
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<div class=" wh_topic_content body "><main role="main"><article class="- topic/topic concept/concept topic concept" role="article" aria-labelledby="ariaid-title1">
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<span class="edit-link" style="font-size:12px; opacity:0.6; text-align:right; vertical-align:middle"><a target="_blank" title="Edit this document" href="http://172.16.35.88/tasks/jdssno1uvvbf2mltu9kb9v3if05d5gopuakboe8hlud18rma/edit/F:/aicdita/aicdita-cn/topics/sdk/boot/uboot-pre-init.dita">Edit online</a></span><h1 class="- topic/title title topictitle1" id="ariaid-title1">前初始化</h1>
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<div class="date inPage">15 Jan 2024</div><div style="color: gray;">
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Read time: 4 minute(s)
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</div>
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<div class="- topic/body concept/conbody body conbody">
|
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<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e33__20250123155202">U-Boot 的前初始化是指执行代码重定位之前的初始化，此时 U-Boot 在 DRAM 的前端空间执行。</p>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e36__20250123155202">前初始化分为两个阶段：</p>
|
||
<ol class="- topic/ol ol" id="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__ol_y1p_sbh_bzb" data-ofbid="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__ol_y1p_sbh_bzb">
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d57747e41__20250123155202">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e43__20250123155202">芯片架构相关的初始化代码</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="- topic/li li" data-ofbid="d57747e47__20250123155202">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e49__20250123155202">板子相关的前初始化代码</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e54__20250123155202"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">阶段一：</strong> 芯片架构相关初始化</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e59__20250123155202">这个阶段主要是对 CPU 进行了基本的初始化，并且将上一级引导程序传递过来的参数保存起来。 ArtInChip 平台上实现了对应的
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">save_boot_params</span> 处理函数，并且将调用现场的关键寄存器信息保存到
|
||
<span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">boot_params_stash</span>
|
||
全局变量中。<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_cqh_2mr_c1c" data-ofbid="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_cqh_2mr_c1c"><code>_start <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/start.S</em>
|
||
|-> save_boot_params <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/mach-artinchip/lowlevel_init.S</em>
|
||
| <em class="hl-comment">// BROM 或者 SPL 跳转到 U-Boot 执行的时候，传递了一些参数，这里首先将这</em>
|
||
| <em class="hl-comment">// 些参数保存起来。</em>
|
||
|
|
||
|-> la t0, trap_entry <em class="hl-comment">// 设置异常处理</em>
|
||
|-> li t1, CONFIG_SYS_INIT_SP_ADDR <em class="hl-comment">// 设置初始栈</em>
|
||
|-> jal board_init_f_alloc_reserve
|
||
|-> jal harts_early_init</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e71__20250123155202">后续的程序在需要了解当前的启动介质时，可以从中读取相关的信息。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e74__20250123155202"><strong class="+ topic/ph hi-d/b ph b">阶段二：</strong>
|
||
板子相关的前初始化<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_ttw_fmr_c1c" data-ofbid="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_ttw_fmr_c1c"><code>_start <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/cpu/start.S</em>
|
||
|-> save_boot_params <em class="hl-comment">// arch/riscv/mach-artinchip/lowlevel_init.S</em>
|
||
|-> ...
|
||
|-> la t5, board_init_f</code></pre></div>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e81__20250123155202"><span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">board_init_f()</span> 函数内逐个调用初始化函数列表 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">init_sequence_f</span>
|
||
中的函数：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_zmq_gmr_c1c" data-ofbid="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_zmq_gmr_c1c"><code><strong class="hl-keyword">static</strong> <strong class="hl-keyword">const</strong> init_fnc_t init_sequence_f[] = {
|
||
setup_mon_len,
|
||
#ifdef CONFIG_OF_CONTROL
|
||
fdtdec_setup,
|
||
#endif
|
||
initf_malloc,
|
||
log_init,
|
||
initf_bootstage, <em class="hl-comment">/* uses its own timer, so does not need DM */</em>
|
||
setup_spl_handoff,
|
||
initf_console_record,
|
||
arch_cpu_init, <em class="hl-comment">/* basic arch cpu dependent setup */</em>
|
||
mach_cpu_init, <em class="hl-comment">/* SoC/machine dependent CPU setup */</em>
|
||
initf_dm,
|
||
arch_cpu_init_dm,
|
||
#<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> defined(CONFIG_BOARD_EARLY_INIT_F)
|
||
board_early_init_f,
|
||
#endif
|
||
env_init, <em class="hl-comment">/* initialize environment */</em>
|
||
init_baud_rate, <em class="hl-comment">/* initialze baudrate settings */</em>
|
||
serial_init, <em class="hl-comment">/* serial communications setup */</em>
|
||
console_init_f, <em class="hl-comment">/* stage 1 init of console */</em>
|
||
display_options, <em class="hl-comment">/* say that we are here */</em>
|
||
display_text_info, <em class="hl-comment">/* show debugging info if required */</em>
|
||
INIT_FUNC_WATCHDOG_INIT
|
||
#<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> defined(CONFIG_MISC_INIT_F)
|
||
misc_init_f,
|
||
#endif
|
||
INIT_FUNC_WATCHDOG_RESET
|
||
#<strong class="hl-keyword">if</strong> defined(CONFIG_SYS_I2C)
|
||
init_func_i2c,
|
||
#endif
|
||
announce_dram_init,
|
||
dram_init, <em class="hl-comment">/* configure available RAM banks */</em>
|
||
setup_dest_addr,
|
||
reserve_round_<span class="hl-number">4</span>k,
|
||
#ifdef CONFIG_ARM
|
||
reserve_mmu,
|
||
#endif
|
||
reserve_video,
|
||
reserve_trace,
|
||
reserve_uboot,
|
||
reserve_malloc,
|
||
reserve_board,
|
||
setup_machine,
|
||
reserve_global_data,
|
||
reserve_fdt,
|
||
reserve_bootstage,
|
||
reserve_bloblist,
|
||
reserve_arch,
|
||
reserve_stacks,
|
||
dram_init_banksize,
|
||
show_dram_config,
|
||
display_new_sp,
|
||
#ifdef CONFIG_OF_BOARD_FIXUP
|
||
fix_fdt,
|
||
#endif
|
||
INIT_FUNC_WATCHDOG_RESET
|
||
reloc_fdt,
|
||
reloc_bootstage,
|
||
reloc_bloblist,
|
||
setup_reloc,
|
||
NULL,
|
||
};</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e91__20250123155202">由于 DRAM 在 PBP 阶段已经初始化，这里的 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">dram_init</span> 只是初始化 DRAM 驱动， 用于获取 DRAM 基本信息。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e97__20250123155202">DTS 相关的流程可参考 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">fdtdec_setup</span> 和 <span class="+ topic/keyword pr-d/apiname keyword apiname">initf_dm</span>
|
||
：<pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_f1d_dmr_c1c" data-ofbid="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_f1d_dmr_c1c"><code>fdtdec_setup(); <em class="hl-comment">// lib/fdtdec.c</em>
|
||
|-> gd->fdt_blob = board_fdt_blob_setup(); <em class="hl-comment">// lib/fdtdec.c</em>
|
||
| <em class="hl-comment">// 对于 U-Boot, DTB 的位置是 _end 开始的位置，此处加载 dtb</em>
|
||
|-> fdtdec_prepare_fdt();
|
||
|-> fdt_check_header(gd->fdt_blob);</code></pre><pre class="+ topic/pre pr-d/codeblock pre codeblock language-c" id="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_zhq_hmr_c1c" data-ofbid="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__codeblock_zhq_hmr_c1c"><code>initf_dm(); <em class="hl-comment">// common/board_f.c</em>
|
||
|-> dm_init_and_scan(true); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/root.c</em>
|
||
|-> dm_init(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF_LIVE)); <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/root.c</em>
|
||
|-> dm_scan_platdata(pre_reloc_only=true);
|
||
|-> dm_extended_scan_fdt(gd->fdt_blob, pre_reloc_only=true);
|
||
| |-> dm_scan_fdt(blob, pre_reloc_only);
|
||
| | |-> dm_scan_fdt_node(gd->dm_root, blob, <span class="hl-number">0</span>, true);
|
||
| | |-> lists_bind_fdt(parent, offset_to_ofnode(offset), NULL,true);
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// drivers/core/lists.c</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// 此阶段仅处理设置了 "u-boot,dm-pre-reloc" 的并且</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// 对应驱动也是设置了 DM_FLAG_PRE_RELOC 的设备和驱动的绑定</em>
|
||
| | |
|
||
| | |-> device_bind_with_driver_data(parent, entry, name,id->data,
|
||
| | | node, &dev);
|
||
| | |-> device_bind_common(...)
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev = calloc(1, sizeof(struct udevice));</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">//</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev->platdata = platdata;</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev->driver_data = driver_data;</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev->name = name;</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev->node = node;</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev->parent = parent;</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev->driver = drv;</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// dev->uclass = uc;</em>
|
||
| | | <em class="hl-comment">// 创建 udevice，并将 driver 挂上</em>
|
||
| | |
|
||
| | |-> uclass_bind_device(dev);
|
||
| |-> dm_scan_fdt_ofnode_path(<span class="hl-string">"/clocks"</span>, pre_reloc_only);
|
||
| |-> dm_scan_fdt_ofnode_path(<span class="hl-string">"/firmware"</span>, pre_reloc_only);
|
||
|-> dm_scan_other(pre_reloc_only);</code></pre></div>
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e110__20250123155202">此阶段并没有对 DTS 中列出的所有设备和驱动进行初始化处理，仅对标记了 “u-boot,dm-pre-reloc” 的设备， 以及驱动中标记了
|
||
DM_FLAG_PRE_RELOC 的驱动进行处理，以缩短这个阶段的处理时间。</p>
|
||
<div class="- topic/note note note note_note" id="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__note_izk_5bh_bzb" data-ofbid="concept_qh4_1l3_pzb__note_izk_5bh_bzb"><span class="note__title">注：</span> <div class="note__body">
|
||
<p class="- topic/p p" data-ofbid="d57747e116__20250123155202">initf_dm 和 initr_dm 都会搜索一遍 DTB，花费的时间比较多，如果这里能够节省搜索的数量， 对于快速启动会有比较大的帮助。</p>
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